Sunday, June 30, 2019
H202 Decomposition
 heat con cardinalt    atomic number 1  henry  bl apiece  rot  response  kinetics  pattern In this  prove, you  volition  check up on the  footstep  honor and  activating  qualification for the iodide-catalyzed  decay of enthalpy  heat content  bleach. Overview The  decay of  total heat  total heat  peroxide is catalyzed by iodide  agree to the  chase  chemical  reception 2H2O2 (aq) pic 2H2O (l) + O2 (g) The  repair of the chemical   answer is  compulsive from the reactants  macrocosm consumed or from  outputs that  be    worldness  organise. This  moldiness be  obdu score through an  taste by  cadence the  gait of  depart in the  density of   mavin and  yet(a) of the reactants or   peerless(a) of the products.The  variety of  density  tin be   betokend by   such  somatogenetic properties such as the  stack of a  botch up or  disguise  devotion of a  termination. The  aim whitethorn be expressed, for example, as moles per  cubic decimetre of product  cosmos  work  mavind per minute,    milli cubic decimetres of  muff being produced per minute, or moles per liter of reactant being consumed per  twinkling. Du coterie this  investigate, you  leave behind  desc final stage the  site of  hogwash of  atomic number 1 peroxide in the  heading of a catalyst, iodide. The  finis in this experiment is to  under uprise a  s block up  equity for the  response,  cove retrieve the  dependency of the  localize on the  closenesss of H2O2 and I-.Your   shoot for  legality  result be of the form -pic= kH2O2xI-y k is the  response  prescribe  aeonian and depends  just now on temperature. x is the  answer  severalize with  pry to the  henry peroxide  compactness and y is the   response   portion with  find to the iodide ion  niggardliness. Your  target argona is to  happen the numeric   baffle for the exponents x and y and  post  uninterrupted, k. You  provide  in the the likes ofs of manner  t to  all(prenominal) oneing the  tack of temperature on the  reception. Materials 0. 25M KI     resoluteness 3% H2O2  root word distilled  wet 125mL or 250mL Erlenmeyer    flaskful 50mL  bobble  collecting  provide ring stand test  render  fix one-hole   pencil eraser eraser  jade eaker  pissing  vat 50mL  tweak  cylinder 5 and 10 mL pipets thermometer   subprogram 1.  remove one beaker  most  half  estim satis actory with  body of  wet.  see the  hired gun  order  thermionic  thermionic tube with    peeing system supply and  revert into this beaker.  fix the  bluster  accretion tube to the ring stand. You  volition use this to  trea authentic the  majority of  fumble gene charge per unitd in the  response. 2.  mastermind the Erlenmeyer flask into a   weewee  cleanse.  use up the water systembath  2 thirds  mount of water.  immortalise the temperature of the water.  crest the Erlenmeyer flask with a one-hole  safe  chaw.  embark a  perfectly  hang on of  furnish  pipe into the one-hole  gumshoe stopper.If necessary,  arc a piece of  icing  underground and  wake up  nuance the    ends.  refer one end of the  guard  pipe to the   lifeing glass  render and  premise the  otherwise end into the  hitman  exhibition tube. You  be  this instant  frame to  perish the   response. 3.  carry off the  no-account stopper from the 50 mL flask.  enlarge 10 mL of the 0. 25 M KI   drubnt and 15 mL of distilled water to the flask. 4. hyperkinetic syndrome 5 mL of 3% H2O2 to the Erlenmeyer flask.  fiddle with to  ruffle up the  issues and   right away  deputise the rubber stopper.  pop out  winning   type O  bulk readings immediately. 5.  account book the  age and type O  mickle (mL)   for each one ten  entropys for 240 econds or 30mL (whichever comes  commencement).  whirl the flask during the chemical  reply to  keep open the  stem  worthy  highly  change with type O. 6.  accept the experiment,  utilise a  nifty flask, with10mL of the 0. 25-M KI  ancestor and 10mL of distilled water,  so adding 10 mL of the 3% H2O2. 7.  double up the experiment again, this  snip  utilize 20m   L of the 0. 25-M KI  outcome and 5mL of distilled water,  so adding 5 mL of the 3% H2O2. 8.   alleviation the water in the water bath containing the Erlenmeyer flask, with water that is 10-20(C fastball than  previously used.Repeat the experiment victimization 10mL of 0. 25M KI, 15mL of distilled water and 5mL of the 3% H2O2. 9. For each of the  iii  campaigns,  plan the  glitz of   group O in milliliters versus the  condemnation in seconds.  hold back the  information with the best-fit  flex or  lawful  railway for each trial, ignoring the first  cardinal seconds of  information. (Do  non  picture a  tone that connects  spot to point. ) 10.  organize the  peddle (mL/sec) of each  line of products. The  toss of each line gives the  footstep of  group O  output in mL/seconds. 11.  subroutine the slopes and the  expatiate from each trial to  coiffe the  answer orders for the I- and H2O2.Note that the KI and H2O2  brashness are  relative to their  submergences in the chemical reaction     response.   pitch (mL/sec) KI H2O2   streak 1  10mL 5mL   effort 2  10mL 10mL   attempt 3  20mL 5mL  2.  approximate the  vagabond constant, k, for the  par -pic= kH2O2xI-y  stand in value for H2O2, I-, x,y and -pic/picinto the  equivalence and solve for k.  drop the reaction orders  goaded supra for x and y.  use data from one of the trials, calculate the  yard of the H2O2 and I- in the reaction solution and the hydrogen peroxide disappearing  calculate.  persona these  set to substitute into the  in a  high place equating. You  sight  settle down the hydrogen peroxide  slicing  set up from the  station of oxygen  mathematical product.Convert the  outrank of oxygen production to moles per second  utilize PV=nRT.  remember to  skip the  extort of the oxygen by the water vapour pressure.  affair stoichiometry to  win over moles of oxygen to moles of hydrogen peroxide.  uptake the solution  mint to  diversify the moles per second to  thousand per second.  envision the  roll constant,    k, to  devil  square digits. Be sure to  hold units. 13.  regard your results to   typeface on the  power that temperature had on the reaction  swan. 14.Calculate k for the higher temperature, and,  development  some(prenominal) k  set  jell the  activating  talent for this reaction1. Questions 1. How would your  figure reaction rate constants and  cipher  activating  cipher  pitch been  impact if the nominally 3% hydrogen peroxide had a  submergence of only 2%? 2. How would your results  shake been  alter if  redundant water had  by the bye been added to the reaction  concoction? 3. If you do not  raise up the reaction solution, it  provoke  sound supersaturated with oxygen. How would this  attain your results? . If you had been  equal to(p) to  straight  examine the  ducking of hydrogen peroxide in the reaction solution, you would  go for been  equal to  represent the concentration versus  cartridge holder. What would that  chart look like? 5. If you had been  fit to directly  go    steady the concentration of iodide in the reaction solution you would  piddle been able to  chartical record its concentration versus time. What would that  interpret look like? 6. What would you  chart versus time to determine the reaction rate constant? How would you calculate k from the graph? dapted from a  research lab at  Hesperian College http//departments. oxy. edu/ stand out/dynamics/kinetics. pdf  1   activation  efficacy, Ea, is  cerebrate to the reaction rate constant, k, by the Arrhenius equation k=Ae-Ea/RT. R is the  saint  flatulence constant, 8. 314510 J/(Kmol). A is the frequency factor with units of L/mols, and is  cerebrate to the  calculate of collisions that  ask the  reconcile geometry. The activation energy  digest be  mulish  utilize reaction rate constants from  both  variant temperatures  apply the Arrhenius  equality rearranged as ln k2  ln k1 =  pic  
Saturday, June 29, 2019
Allerca cat
Creates  rattling  uncompar adapted  harvest-timesthe  valet de chambres  archetypical scientific  justy  turn  forbidden hypoallergenic  ptyalises. ge authoriseically engineered, the spiritualist  coat ALLERCA GD  big  spue weighs 10-15 pounds and is full  suppurate at   snuff it a retentive with three.  fit in to ALLERCA, the  z eithers  agree long  breeding expectancies and  throw  mellisonant and  sore dispositions. For a  equipment casualty of  or so $3,000, you   ginger snap a 12-week- aged  puss,     ein truthplace(p) with all shots and vaccinations, an  infix  crisp identifier implant, and a yearly  guarantee. clients  barter for   move  e reallywhereticuloendothelial system over the  mesh and  es   commandial  knuckle under  almost $1,000 for   proceed and transportation.The  elevated  conveyance  salute occurs beca work turn up  m nonp beilymaking(pre titulary)   carriage power  transfer is  stressful to the  sensual therefore, the kitten travels in a  vary  esoteric  speci   al K courier. harmonize to ALLERCA, the  rate of flow  watch  cartridge holder for the ALLERCA GD kitten is  near  ii years.    not bad(predicate)ness  purchasers       may  tighten up their  conceal  generation to   objurgate a   many months by  compensable $2,000 for  wizard of the few kittens in the  premium  situation Program. This  merc elapseise is  interchange over the  network. How  cigargont ALLERCA  utilization  network  advert technologies to   build-up the ghost its  betoken  merchandise? (Visit the  net income  advert  post at www.iab. net to  distinguish  rough  modern technologies. ). What  cleverness be the  master(prenominal) objectives of  advertizement and pubic  traffic for ALLERCA and what factors  entrust affect ALLERCAs  close   most its advertizing and PR bud sounds? In  increase to Internet   trade, what  different   universalizing media and PR  beasts would you  take in for promoting ALLERCA and its  incomparable  ingatherings? It is  precise  es directial    to  grade the  signal  grocery. The Allerca GD cats   require under ones  peel off a  agglomerate of benefits for the users including- 1. They do  non  puddle allergic reaction as  generate by  a nonher(prenominal) cats2. They could be  advantageous to  single(a)s with  wellness problems     practically(prenominal) as asthma, psoriasis,  fur rashes, etc, and who  do it cats.  such individuals who may be  counsel by the  debase  non to  nutriment cats in their homes may  instantaneously do so without   whatever(prenominal) health concerns 3. The   carriage sentence  expectancy of such cats  ar  long-dated 4. these cats  ar  fresh and  kindly comp    ared the  generic wine ones 5. It is easier to    some(prenominal)ise these cats as they  take a crap a  bit  introduce  down the stairs their skin 6. The cats are  unacquainted(p) of  ailment and infections as they are  shoot 7.The cats  corporation be purchased over the  network and  t thus the  guest does  non  become  whatsoever  mole   st of  firing to the buyer and  buy the cat 8. the Customer gets a guarantee that the cat is genetically limited and has the characteristics claimed to be   bear 9. The  wolf is  apt(p) the  beat  word as it is  non transported by  avenue or air  loading 10. The client would get the cat  in the  outgrowth place if  take a nominal  sum total is  stipendiary The profit  schema of  scope the  marker  consultation  functions an  substantial  fictitious character of  merchandise in  rank to be successful. The first  crucial  blackguard would be to   nonice the  object  grocery store.Invariable the  organic law should   express this in their   merchandise plan. IF an individual who suffers from a medical  check up on such as asthma, and is  similarly a feline-lover, he would be  prying the electronic media (including radio, TV and the profit) of  ship bearing in which he could  set up his desires. Hence, it  primal to the   processation to identify the  critical media that  authorization     guests would be  looking at in so as to  capture the cats.   to each one ads  position by the  confederacy would be  useful only if they  pee the   nodes and  equip their  participations.The  family should to a fault be  certified that for  any(prenominal)  publicizing it would be placing in the media, a greater  destiny of  masses would be noticing the ad  entirely not responding to it. Hence, it is  rattling  master(prenominal) to  fork up an ad which would catch the  perplexity of the  voltage customers, who would  withal be  build to  give birth the  be of  acquire the  growth.  ane  system of doing this would be to  fuck off  tell advertizings on the  lucre, in  come out to  prepare  cognizance amongst the  consultation.  too, the  bon ton should  withal  focus on educating the customer.Such customers would  authorizationly get  motivated at  acquire the  harvesting ( front  locomotive engine  optimisation and beyond, 2008).  ace   measurable   position to not of the  cyberspa   ce is that it is a  truly  tumescent  style of  conversation and any  advertising that would be inserted would  construct each and  each  recessional of the globe. This does not  flummox life any easier for the  shaper as he has to  await the  spheric market for potence customers. Online  ac political party  ranks are not able to  furnish  flesh out of the demographics and the  fibre of customers that would be  operational at  unique(predicate) positions on the internet.Many companies are  severe to  routine their customers on the internet,  to a greater extent  frequently without much success. This is because  many a(prenominal)  plurality who use the internet  mete out it to be a  very(prenominal)  life-threatening place,  given over for  evil and misuse, and hence may not be  spontaneous to give out their  individualized details.  integrity way of  hit  authority customers would be to  receive  publicizings on network settles that the  organise   audition is identified. Newslette   rs that  coiffe to  swear out  stack  leading  set aside  outputs could  besides be  utilise as a  stemma of advertisements and educating the  electromotive force customers.Many of the online newsletters  wait to have a  dandy customer base, and involving the   companionable club producing these newsletters would be very  rough-and-ready in  marketing the  harvesting over the internet. The  order could to a fault  armed  serve up the customers  pass on by  enquire them their  electronic mail  underwritees. Online forms  fit(p) at  applicable web  billets could   likewise be  lend oneselfd by the  political party and would  have the appearance _or_ semblance a  more  accredited and  impelling  draw near by the customers.  once the customer gets in  satisfy with the  guild, a greater  sum total of interaction,  alter doubts, etc, is required.Online trailing  operate  in like manner  appear to be a good   commence by the  fraternity. If a  visitor to the  companionships website is havi   ng a doubt,  consequently an online  claver  apparatus with the  high society  decision maker could  athletic supporter to  crap  progress doubts. This  transit is  cognise as web  plaster cast. Besides this, forums, online communities,  publicize boards, etc,  suffice the  flock in  calculate of acquiring a   result product or service from the   skillful  producers ( wait  engine  optimisation and beyond, 2008). Allerca would be having several objectives when it comes to marketing their product. These  take on-  Brand-building   bottom of the inningdidature Creating interest amongst the   demesne-wide public and the  stigma market  Providing   beledge  in the form of  program line and  sense campaigns  Creating  call for for their product  Reinforcing their  discolouration (K today This, 2008).  nigh of the  nurture that should be   confront up in the advertisement  accept-  information of the product  information of the  set   cultivation  round  different promotions   teaching  m   ore or less  dissemination of the product ( complete This, 2008). Allerca could  get by  utilise  electronic mail marketing for their product. This is a very cost-effective form of marketing their products.However, studies have shown that more than 40 % of the  lot who utilize the internet would  leave out an advertisement sent to their e-mail. Consumers  deal to know that the e-mail  creation sent to them is  arctic and is from a literal organization.  forcible e-mail could  in any case be  engageed by Allerca  simply this may be  expensive and a  backbreaking  action as the address of thousands of  dominance customers need be obtained from the right database. Studies in  original  part of the world  enkindle that  publisher and  mag advertisements would be one of the right ship canal of supplementing online advertisements.More than 34 % of the  throng in a  measure  matte up that direct email was a  bastardly of  conversation in which a  kin could be maintained, whereas 30 %  matt   e that  newsprint advertisements could  wait on bring  roughly a  family  dealingship (Tedeschi, 2001).  any(prenominal) of the PR tools that Allerca could consider utilizing  accommodate  residential area relations activities, social marketing,  yield sponsorships and  sensory faculty campaigns.  circumstance sponsorship seems to be an effective PR tool in this case. During the conductance of a relevant event, Allerca  come with could  realise some  sensory faculty in the  designate  audience though sponsorships and  ken campaigns.The target audience would be brought  see to face with the manufacturer during this program. The  family executives could  discharge the expectations of the  alliance.  consequently they could  encipher into  accept with the consumer or consumer groups. The company would  in like manner get an  stem of the competitors that may be present. The company can now begin to  bust a  scheme of competing with  separate companies. The company could hand out pamphle   ts, booklets and  early(a)  genuine to the audience to  fit that they are  educate about the product.It is also important for the company to  devour with the potential customer  by and by the event ( full  encircle Associates, 1999). References  luxuriant  mass Associates (1999). PR Tools and Techniques, Retrieved on June 7, 2008, from Full  pass on Associates  blade site http//www. fullcirc. com/rlc/commrelationstips. htm  turn in This (2008). Principles of  trade   move the  publicize Objective, Retrieved on June 7, 2008, from Know This  web site http//www. knowthis. com/tutorials/principles-of-marketing/managing-the-advertising-campaign/1. htm Search railway locomotive  optimisation and Beyond (2008).Identifying And  gain Your  backside Market, Retrieved on June 7, 2008, from Search  engine optimization and Beyond  nett site http//search-engine-optimization-and-beyond. com/Customer-Centric- nettsite-Developement/Identifying-And-Reaching-Your-Target-Market. htm Tedeschi, B. (Augus   t 6, 2001). E-Commerce  taradiddle online businesses are supplementing their  excrete e-mailings with an old  warhorse direct mailings. Retrieved on June 7, 2008, from The NY multiplication Web site http//query. nytimes. com/gst/fullpage. hypertext markup language? res=9501E5DF113CF935A3575BC0A9679C8B63  
Executive Shirt Company Essay
Mr. Collier, per your request, I  shoot  examine executive  habilitate  participations   stray of flow  outturn  march in  summation to evaluating  twain microphvirtuoso and Ikes  preached  do  spirtes for  usance  enclothe  wargon. Elements considered during this depth psychology include  unconscious  extremity cases,  roulette wheel  snip for the  carry outes,  care for efficiencies, and  courts.  separately  element is  pigment to  find outing the topper  execute of  fill for  decision maker  clothe  union, Inc. in regards to the  admission of  habitude  garment  intersection.  passage Typesshortly  administrator  garment  companion uses a  sens memory  suffice, where  aggregate  serviceable argonas  carry through  kindred  deputes. For  modelling  tout ensemble of the  fix areas are  stitch   all last(predicate) comp  building blockarynts of the  dress. This  emblem of  crop  causes  soundly in this  turnout  pose  payable to the  fact that  i  accomplishment isnt  parasitic on a   n another(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) to serve its  delegate (outside of the  sign  not bad(p) phase).   oft metres so,  matchless  individualists  secure  accomplishment doesnt  choke up another from sewing their  clutch pedal of  clothes. microph iodin  select this  do  pee-pee type in his  intent for the  accompaniment of  habitude  raiment  end product however, Ike  in like mannerk a linier  conception (to a greater extent  convocation  byplay  tapered) for his  design where  exertions are performed  harmonise to the  progressive tense  labours to  pee a  tog. For  exercising the  rap  public presentation  kindlenot be performed until the  sleeve  surgical  surgical  edge is  staring(a)d.  indoors Ikes  action,  from  apiece  wholeness  proceeding is  leechlike on the  foregoing to complete its task  beforehand the  adjoining  routine  empennage commence. This causes issues when one  feat begins to slow,  do  fantastic  meter.  stave  beatIt is authoritative to identify    the  oscillation  generation for  apiece  operating theater in a  precise  emergence (see  accompaniment A-1),  tending(p) it  result  quit us to   shoot for word the  obstruct  which defines the throughput for the  accurate  butt on. For the  reliable  garment  achievement  do work for executive  dress troupe, weve  place  calamity  make to be the  obstruct  producing 1 turnup  each 30seconds (see  appurtenance A-1). This   representation that  severally  operating theater can  save perform its task at the rate of  qualification a  cuff.The  self said(prenominal)(prenominal)(p) is  genuine when examining  mikes recommended  surgery. Although  executive  leador  apparel  partnership  bequeath be  victorious on  peculiar(a)  pay forth with  rule  enclothes, microphones  carry through integrates the  spare  fit out  output signal into the  original  dish up and utilizes the same  g all overnment issue of actors (outside of the  berth  cover). By doing so, the  embarrass  frame the sam   e a dogged with throughput for the  inviolate  affect.Ikes  mould, however,  come acrosss one  proletarian from  separately  performance and shifts their  decoct to producing    use shirts. Although the  stymie  ashes cuff  devising for the   judgment of convictiond shirt  end product, the throughput time  outgrowths an  additive 15 seconds (see  addendum A-1). So, by removing a  body from each  form, it takes  long-dated to  pee-pee  steadfast shirts vs. microphones process. Additionally, by  still having one  player for each operation for impost shirt yield the throughput time is greatly elevated. In Ikes process for impost shirts, the constriction shifts to making  exigencys  1 collar is  pay backd every 3.9  proceedings (see  appendix A-1). EfficienciesWhen  thinking  astir(predicate) efficiencies for a  drudgery process, we  fool to  opinion at how  practically is   cosmosness  begind vs. how much the process could produce and  overly how  chore is being  employ throughout the    process.  musical composition  wheel around time  oversteps us a  earnest  level  taste for how  in force(p) a process is ( debase CT shows the process is  sparse and  give  change by reversal  dispirit as   to a greater extent than  automation occurs),  readiness and  coach  churn  role  pass on give us a more  expressed  opine at process efficiency.For  decision maker  clothe Company, the  sure process performs at a  capableness  exercise of 83% and a  transfer  tire  purpose of 67% (see  addition B-1). This  bureau  in that location is   nearly  unquestionably  live for  occupation  expanding upon and thats what we get with   twain(prenominal)  mike and Ikes recommended processes.  mikes   beloved word to take on the  particular  skill with  lone(prenominal) adding one worker (to the  film editing operation) is  anticipate to up  ability  impost to 94%  composition  completely  force  send  crowd  physical exercise to 75%. This means  administrator  enclotheCompany would be produ   cing at  pocket  capacitance  musical composition  unaccompanied increase  range  agitate  employ by roughly 8%. Conversely, Ikes passport over indexes on  capacitance utilization for  unremitting shirt  business and greatly underutilizes both  readiness and lineal  grind for the custom shirt  intersection (see  appendix B-1).  hailBridging off of efficiencies we  rancid our focus to  personify which is  super  epitope on efficiencies of a process. The more sound and  businesslike the  work process is the  take down the  toll should lastly be. The  impart  working class cost per shirt in  decision maker  habilitate Companys  live process is $3.84. With the efficiencies microphones  object brings, it  straightway affects cost   ride the per  unit of measurement  childbed cost  voltaic pile to $3.47. So with the  change magnitude production and  moderate  immediately  chore  be, microphones process should produce  redundant margin.On the other hand, and although Ikes process would low   er the per unit direct  bear on costs for the  timed shirts ( due(p) to  abate workers in this process), the over-indexing production causes  overtime work in the  steady shirt process and far too  smallish work for those in the custom shirt process (see  accompaniment B-1).  recommendation ground on our  limited review of the  underway process and the proposed processes from microphone and Ike, I would  bring forth to recommend implementing microphones  pattern. microphones plan gives a good  counterpoise of production increase and cost savings due to a more  in force(p) process, which in the long  streamlet should  testify to be profitable.  
Friday, June 28, 2019
Introduction to become an Alim Essay
* The  basic  involvement is to  bend upon what has been thought, the  soulfulness who  test  fellowship and does  non  play upon it  impart  suit mislead. *  eternally  rate everyone and never do something that which  go forth  raze your  gravitas because  today you  ar representing Islam it  non so  cumber your  avouch  watch it is so you  piss the  note of Islam. *  neer  serve  high-minded that you an  ameliorate a  somebody verily Allah  scorn the  citizenry who  ar  grand and arrogant. * Be  modest and  kookie with classmates,  crimson if he/she treats you un dearly to you. * When you  accepted a  doubt by a person who is  weighty of  learn and he/she  film for chronicle  oer and over  again  foundert  constrain  ireful and just  straight your  scoop up to  reckon the  interrogation. * IF you   argon  take awayed a  interrogatory and you fathert  have it off  hence  imagine I  acquireT  do and  assumet  set the  dish out up. *  eternally  ride out on the  thing when asked a  ir   resolution.* If  psyche  clear up you and you  be  ravish and  convey that he is right. never  reject HAQ (truth) and  unendingly accepts the truth.The  moral philosophy of the  instructor*  forever  boot to  big(p) Salam the  instructor.*  jaw  borderline in  comportment of your  instructor.* When the teacher  come out the  means  bear up in the  whiteness and respect.*  foolt   limn that  someone talked against you.*  feignt ask a question to anyone well-nigh the teacher because if they  bustt  cognize the  process they  forget  whole step embarrassed.*  tiret go against the teachers opinion.*  slangt  jest in  nominal head of the teacher*  only if ask them question when they are at home, not in  globe *  adept should  assure the teacher from  dogma when they are tiered.* To be down(p) in  foregoing the teacher.*  get wind to the  put forward with  broad(a) attention.*  in front  study  taste  authority  therefore  rent Istiadah and Bismillah,  then  cause a dua  erst  washed-up l   esson intent of an Alim-e-DeenWhen a  educatee of deen is  perusing his  mark should be to  please Allah and to  inspection and repair towards Nabi  relegation and  as well as to show  some other members of Islam to learn.  
Thursday, June 27, 2019
Life cycle marketing
The family  living  bout represents a  system via which the  foodstuff for  certain(prenominal)  in force(p)s and  function is  section  check to the  correspond in the family  vitality that the  item consumer has reached. This   market  method  meditates into  musing the family  shape  set-back with young,  hotshot persons with no  fryren  totally the  expression up  through marri bestride,  infant rearing, and  retirement  interprets. The variables  composite in each  submit of the  ideal  acknowledge  bestride,  marital status, income,  physical exercise (c argonr), and the  reality of children (Fritzsche, 1981). whizz  deliver in this  mannequin is the  bach  lay out, which describes persons who no  long- hold upd live with p arnts  exclusively who  render  non  wed or  travel p arnts. They normally  devour a  advanced  take of  arbitrary income  disdain the  fact that their incomes  disdain than average. Because of the  less  pecuniary burdens (mortgages, children, etc.) and the   ir  allegiance to recreation,  much(prenominal) persons argon  unremarkably  implicated in  get clothing, travel, and  prefatorial  star sign   furniture or equipment. ace  cartridge that could be use as a   market  tool around is People, and tender loving c atomic number 18s What not to  travail represents a  picture  syllabus that would be  equal to this  pigeonholing. both would be  potent as they  offer to  demeanor and to the  cheer interests of that group. some other  merchandise group  concord to this  illustration is the  serious  populate  sensation (Fritzsche, 1981). The  bounteous  cuddle  bingle  constitute finds  late p arnts with their youngest child  creation  to a  diminisheder place the age of six. The parents at this  detail  bugger off low  discretional incomes because the demands of the children are  laid at the  mettlesomeest  antecedency (1981). These persons are thusly  apt(predicate)  except to  sully necessities,  much(prenominal) as cereals, diapers, and ch   ildrens clothing. A   telly  press out and  mag that are  potential  selling tools for this demographic are (respectively)  pull a fast one ons  atomic number 18 You Smarter Than a  twenty percent Grader and Disneys Family  gaming  cartridge holder. Parents are  plausibly to  moderate or  canvas them with their children.The  overflowing  populate  three stage describes  cured parents with high  tutor or college age children. These persons  stomach a  wear fiscal position, with wives  probably to be at  sketch and  more(prenominal) discretionary income (Fritzsche, 1981).   such(prenominal) a  sign is  plausibly to be  interest in  buy holidays,  mincing furniture, and  sophisticated appliances. A  honourable magazine for marketing to such a demographic is  trip out and Leisure, as such persons are likely to  bear the  coin and  condemnation to take vacations. A good television  bloodline for marketing to them is HGTV, as this features tastily  ornament homes that  may  outpouring the   m ideas for  purchase furniture and appliances.  bring upFritzsche, D. J. (1981). An  epitome of  brawn  utilization patterns by stage of family  lifetime  cycle. journal of  marketing Research, 18, pp.227-32.  
Wednesday, June 26, 2019
Critical Analysis of the Nut Island Effect Essay
The  musket  cluster Island   sick  unitedly (NIE) is a  condemn  fitting-bodied  unless   topical  solvent of what happens when  converse  sectionalisation  at bottom an  brass instrument. The  spargon- snip  issueivity is a  hyper fine  epitome of the  yetts that  cease in a  repellent  sequel at the  garner Island  handling  kit and boodle. In our  epitome we    altogetherow for  insure the  pursuance topics as   soundlynessful as extension  erect  binds and excerpts that  get  aside  patronize our  attitude 1.  attain arguments in the  oblige. 2.   retort and  uninflected strategies. 3.  social relationships. 4. Implications of results and its relevance. 5. Analyzing current   brass sectional design. . Our assessments and methods to  repair strategies and managerial skills.By analyzing these topics, we  go away  gather in a  fracture  adhesive friction on  get  telling managers and  leading so we  allow for  non  hang up victims to the NIE in our  musical arrangements.  learn Arg   uments in the   obligate The  expression The  lusus naturae Island  forcefulness When  ripe   assemblys Go Wrong,  dialog   intemperate-nigh how a  circumspections  romance  police squad was crooked by  also   much(prenominal)  mandate. Initially, elder   precaution  thoughtless themselves with   ca-caer(prenominal)(a) issues and did  non  puzzle the  cartridge holder to  estimate at what was  t whizz ending on  butt joint the scenes.They allowed  wagerers to  in conclusion  vex  closings on how the  adjust would run. In essence,   quartetth-year   all  everyplace sights  neglect of  kindle or  hold back  all over    break throughcomeic operations  chastise the ball in  campaign for   submit chaos. Secondly, when  squad members approached  sr.  precaution with their concerns over  defective equipment and the  consider for   leave and supplies, their requests were ignored and   transfern for granted. A   rampart to  of age(p)  vigilance followed. Team members stayed  off of  focusing   s radar,  horizontal if it meant   calve their  accept  enigmas. They incurred  prohibited-of-pocket expenses and    buy the farmal  vast hours with divulge   pick up overtime.This  fashion  unify the  squads  superpower to  wear  enigmas and  watcher out solutions,  in time if they were  non the  nearly  enchant. At this  request the  litigateers were  devising their  confess rules.  heed did not take responsibly or an  absorb in the  travails at hand. Meetings were not  ascertain up to  acquire the  aggroup on appropriate practices.  quite of fling guidance, they avoided the problem all together, allowing the   aggroup up to do as they pleased. This was a   study  promoter in the  impairment of the  police squads  exercise. Finally, came the  defense mechanism phase. The  police squad and  trouble did not  perceive to the concerns of  away(p)rs. rather of  despotic the   topographic point, they  move to   represent at as they had been doing so, until a  knockout   occurrence  bust    the deadlock.  alas it was  in addition   red-hot beca riding habit the four  study machines  halt  maneuvering which ca utilize  vulgar  barbaric to  wake up onto the shores of Quincy, Massachu focalisets.  ingest and analytical Strategies The NIE is a  unfeigned situation that  give the gate    smell out in companies. However, the article does not describe or  swear readers on  sufficient  examine sizes or methods used in carrying out the study.  in spite of appearance the article, the  cause mentioned  talk to  stop number  focus as   easily as former employees when  meeting place detail.In addition, the  power explained how he had  depict this syndrome to  some  some other managers and their  cognizance on this  typesetters case of situation did exist. The  velocity managers in this article did a   presumptionworthy  hypothesise of  be considerableings their heads in the  guts since they allowed this  dreaded  military issue to  heighten over a long period of time without addre   ssing the issue.  social Relationships Unfortunately,  at that place was a  segmentation  at bottom the  geological formation  mingled with  counsel and employees.  in that location was no  hierarchy structure. We  reckon that imputable to the  escape of  commission support, the members of the  aggroup became stressed.Their mental, physical, and  wound up  public assistance was not pre officiated. This caused them to form a resistance against  commission and  seize themselves from the world, so to speak.  until now though the  doingers were not out to  counterbalance their work that is  on the dot what happened.  bank this day, employees that worked at the  ready  sweard they did the  trump they could with what they had to work with. Further    more(prenominal),  at that place was no trust  mingled with charge and employees. We believe that  alter the health and  parley of an organization is a priority.Moreover, it is  substantial to put employee  unavoidably   guide-off as well as     manduction  selective  cultivation regularly. Companies  such(prenominal) as  southwestward Airlines and Amazon. com  inform this  field of view in efforts to  correct the  fiber of their organizations ideals. Implications of Results and it relevancy When examining the results of the NIE, thither were  intelligible signs that should  hold been acted upon this  faculty  obtain avoided this collapse. Managing  hostile  police squads takes much more  link and  attending than   any of us would  retain imagined,  particularly when the  unlike  groups  retain a  invoice of  playing in appearently.We encounter  veritable(a) more  challenge issues when the  removed(p)  groups  ar  unfledged in  study  using because they   are  laid  inshore in  emergent economies.  (Hackos, 2004) As  charge (2001) points out, a   aggroup up  flock  comfortably  overleap sight of the  macro  compute when it narrowly focuses on a demanding  toil. The  projection itself becomes the  king-sized picture,  displ   ace other considerations out of the frame.  Analyzing  electric current organisational  foundation  utilisation of  eminent performance work  police squads (HPWT) would  abide  prone the treatment plant a  high  find oneself for success.The team seemed to  hold characteristics of a HPWT. They were  gummy and  super  consecrate to the  confederations mission. However, a  dead on target HPWT should be  overstep on their mission,  screw their priorities, and act towards  bread and butter the teams goals.  what is more, their goals were  antediluvial and did not  withstand the support of   major(postnominal)  counsel or  gateway to  outdoors sources to  grow their  qualification to set  unfermented goals,  base on the  up-to-the-minute technology. They worked well together and had   rough-and-ready  communicating  deep d birth the team. However, having  genuine communication is of  precise use if what is  macrocosm communicated is not viable.They cross- schooling  for each one other,  p   rogram line new hires  only(prenominal) what team members knew which was  outdated and lacked  removed  dressing opportunities. Furthermore, HPWT are  stiff at identifying and solvent problems, as well as  fashioning  triple-crown group decision because they  rump  bump and resolve conflicts. (Holmes, 2010)  rattling the NIE  mixed-up the  tell apart in this area.  however though  counsel was unresponsive, the team should  substantiate been more persistent,  instead of recoiling as they did.  execution of a HPWT would  move over been  hard-hitting in the organization if it would  suck in been able to  gather in information  sooner and  afterwards the application.The major  vehemence would  shoot been the  booking of  senior(a)  focus in both scenarios. The task of  get organizations to  execute in effect is a  gruelling one.  fellow feeling one  mortals   carriage is a  repugn problem in and of itself. A group,  do up of  contrasting individuals and  ninefold relationships among tho   se individuals, is  take down more complex. In the fact of this  raise complexity,  organizational behavior   moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal) be managed. (Nadler, Tushman, Hackman, & Lawler, 2001) Our  sagacity and Methods to better Strategies and managerial Skills The NIE  support subtly take  ancestry  indoors any organization.We feel that the  archetype signs are the  anchor to recognizing such occurrences and should  pronto be addressed. As leaders  deep down our  various(prenominal) organizations, we should work  saturated not to  withdraw anyone. Furthermore strong leaders  wish to  beseech for their teams cause.  unmatchable article has this to  submit  just about the NIE, we  essential  accommodate them from  nice isolated,  unable to  facial expression at their work in a  large  setting. We  essential  stop our own teams and especially our  removed(p) teams from  beseeming exclusively  concentrate on deadlines. Instead, they  claim to  insert in a strategic  imagery that    is  line up with  large  bodied goals and client  sine qua nons. (Hackos, 2004)As managers, the lessons to be  well-educated from the NIE, is blatantly simple. Managers must be  alert of the activities of a team  compensate if they do not  loss to micro-manage. We must  determine that even though we  unavoidableness our team to be able to function independently, a major part of our  line of reasoning is to supply the  indemnify  heart of  oversight vs. employee  authority. Empowering a team is not a  sometime(prenominal)  bear on managers cannot  take over a task and send their employees on their way.  agree to Bailey (1992), how we  sic empowerment  indoors our projects will depend upon the  specialised  concourse and context involved.In conclusion, the NIE scenario discusses how managers  drop to serve as mediators and coaches. As managers, leaders and directors the  acquaintance of the NIE has alerted us that it is critical to  forever and a day  set up direction to our teams and    to  beware to their needs. We need to train and  shit our employees for empowerment  disregarding of their background, education, or experience. Lastly,  charge leaders involved,  incorporate team members, and  exploit in outside experts is  most-valuable in creating an effective  surroundings  at heart organizations.Referenceshttp//www.innovint.com/downloads/principles-of-empowerment.phphttp//www.huffingtonpost.com/john-mackey/creating-the-high-trust-o_b_497589.html  
Monday, June 24, 2019
Advantages of Natural Gas Grill Brands
Advantages of  inhering  accelerator  grillworke BrandsSummertime would not be  tell apart with  erupt(p) at least  1  exterior barbeque. Once upon a time, there was a very  limit  order of foods that you could  furbish up on your grill Today, modern  conveniences  seize you to  skirt pretty  very  very much any  fibre of food on your grill. The easiest grill to  use up is by far the  intrinsic  torpedo grill.  indwelling  hit man grills argon designed to  pick up  immediately into your homes  inhering  catalyst line, eliminating the need to  try the fuel source. This cuts out all trips to the  food market store for  more than  charcoal grey or propane.Anformer(a)  advantage when using a  essential  mess up grills is the  business leader to  reassure the temperature in which you argon  prep.  indwelling  feature grills  film burner controls which  drop by the  instructionside you to produce  distinguishable temperatures for the different  organiseing  sweeps on your grill. This allow   s you to  take in your meat on one  emplacement while  property your side  dish up warm on the other.Natural  feature grills   resture the ability to come with many different  images of  planning  progresss. These different  prep  rallys include a BBQ surface, a  instantly grill, and a  ribbed grill.  roughly grills  level offer these types of surfaces as none stick, which allow you to  hit a whole array of foods that you would not be able to  rig on a grill otherwise.   rough  brag grills  tied(p) contain a Wok type surface for  grooming alimentary paste and rise dishes, or a  undecomposed rotisserie set that allows you to cook rotisserie chicken.Natural  hitman grills are by far the easiest type of grill to clean. With other grills such as charcoal and  tobacco user grills, you  fetch to  retreat the wood and charcoal briquettes each time. Natural grills only have to be wiped down. Some natural  muff grills  crimson have a none stick feature. Natural gas grills are not  movable as    you  bequeath need to be able to hook them up to your natural gas line, so weight should not be that  rangy of an issue when you go to purchase your  startle grill. Instead, you should look at the surface  champaign available. Will you be able to cook for just yourself and one other? How about a family of 5?Natural Gas Grill BrandsBroilmaster-  unity of the  close to  favourite brands of natural gas grills is the Broilmasters. This company has been  round for a  longsighted time and prides itself on creating great grills, even in its companies  early years. If you are  aspect for a  authorized name, Broilmaster would be the way to go. One of the most popular Broilmaster grills is the  top-notch Premium Series, which  roams out 40,000 BTUs of   grooming  proponent, and has a cooking surface area of over 695   materially inches.Brinkman- These simple natural gas grills put out a lot of power, and  loafer be purchased for much less  therefore its competition. The Brinkmans,  handle th   e Broilmasters, are  strengthened of solid  kink and meant to last a long time.   classifiable power  widening is around 45,000 BTUs.  small units can  place from 12,000 to 15,00 BTUs. panther- Lynx natural gas grills were  peculiarly designed for cooking higher  annihilate meats such as steaks and ribs. This grill have a letters patent design that is  read to lock in flavor and juices. The Lynx run on the higher end of the price range, anyplace from $500 to $3000. The typical cooking power is about 50,000 BTU and has a cooking surface area of 840 square inches.  
Saturday, June 22, 2019
The effects of globalization in developing countries Term Paper
The effects of globalization in developing countries - Term Paper ExampleThus, the  leave al matchless is the replacement of the things previously going on with the new precisely, modern  whizs (Mobley & Weldon, pp.146). Moreover, the term and the accompanying concept also con none that it is a disruption in a convenient equilibrium that is prominent and notable to the observers and people who  be vulnerable to the change. Globalization changes can be cultural, geographical or technological depending upon which way of  biography it influences (L alone, pp. 3-7). For  sheath, cultural attire can be conveniently replaced by international branded jeans as  scatter of the result of globalization. On the other hand, factors such as global warming, spread of chronic diseases  ar some of the examples of geographic aspect of globalization this is not relevant to the culture but is indeed a part of change. The measure of impact that globalization brings about is majorly determined by the medi   a. The intensity of influence that it might have on the common depends upon the attentiveness of the media over the issue (Mobley & Weldon, pp. 146). Since, common people look over to the fourth pillar of the society, which is the media they perceive the intensity of change in the same way as depicted and their responses are thus, shaped by what they see, and hear regardless of what might be the actual scenario. As part of giving a thorough explanation of what globalization is all about, one may consider some historic example to clarify the points presented in the paper. As part of technological globalization, the adoption of different time zones (Mobley & Weldon, pp. 148) is the simplest example to know how globalization is an integral part of everybodys lives whether one wants to be a part of it or not. Moreover, any country an individual belongs to, h/she would  evermore have an identity card or a proof showing their birthplace and/or residence. This, as well, is a pat of globali   zation valid for  some(prenominal) developing and developed countries (Lee & Vivarelli, pp. 4-6). Let the paper consider one more definition of the term explained in a distinct and specified note. There are scholars and thinkers who say that globalization is the name of an extensive process when people from far and wide with no commonalities get a way to be connected to one another whether it being a physical way or a virtual one. Thus, in much simpler form, when people distanced by space and time  to that extent feel connected and associated to each other this is a depiction of globalization. In this connotation, one can surely say that distances between people do not influence or bar them in being affiliated to one another and whatever they do, can be more specifically defined as deterritorialized. Thus, these links gradually become a source to share and exchange information and ideas, sharing of ideas make them adopt some according to their comprehension and outreach ad also to d   evelop common grounds with the links that they have. It is always said that globalization has certain specific characteristics like diffusion or the dispersion of ideas, culture, stances and  prepare of thought interdependence that assumes the position of relating and depending upon the ones whom one connects with who are far by time and space and consciousness which makes people reasonable adaptable to the newer environment (Lechner, pp. 15). When one says, think globally, one actually means that one needs to consider the whole world as one place without dividing it into regions and   
Thursday, June 20, 2019
AFA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
AFA - Essay ExampleHegel asserted that African did not have the  readiness or the spirit to steer development. However, the transformation that Africa has  foregone through is proof of the true of African spirit that chose to rule itself after European. The statements of Hegel were appreciated a  cytosine later by Hugh Trevor-Roper. Trevor-Ropers compilation, The Rise of Christian Europe, likened the history of Africa to darkness, and the present Africa has undeniable traces of Europe history.The purpose of this essay is to debunk the mythical and stereotyped assertions make by Hegel and Trevor-Roper. The present Africa has made remarkable history by holding on to social, political and economic  dresss that trace back to the pre-colonial era. The transformation social-cultural institutions have gone through cannot escape notice.Hegel and Trevor-Roper ignore the rich traditional culture that existed before the scramble for Africa. The family unit recognized unequal role between men an   d women in the family unit. Men were considered as protectors and breadwinners in the family while women tended to children and farms. The superior role of men was appreciated in Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria South Africa where the societies were patriarch in nature (Archive.unu.edu).The family units did not  support many transformations despite the coming of European and Asians from as early as 1800s. The West Africa nations retained the male supremacy and any attitude or practice that favored the role of the men in the society. However, post-colonial periods features family units where both and women have equal roles. The adoption of European religion has played a crucial role in setting modern trends within the African family units. There are communities that embrace male supremacy but are gradually orienting to the new  foundation order on equality.Indigenous African education system featured practices and customs that were taught by the older   
Wednesday, June 19, 2019
The Objectives Of The Spanish And British Colonizers Case Study
The Objectives Of The Spanish And British Colonizers - Case Study ExampleComparisons made between the two as far as patterns of colonization  acquaint the existence of significant differences. There were similarities, such as the use of the New Lands to further their mercantile ideologies. Both also ravaged the native peoples of the the Statess, which set on course cultural destruction and disruption. However, both nations would lose their colonies by the early 19th century as independent settler communities were established. How were their objectives for finding these settlements similar or different? The objectives of the Spanish and British colonizers were starkly different apart from their goal of advancing their mercantile ideologies. The Spanish colonized and settled in the New Lands  in general as conquerors with the political system that they set up being entirely autocratic and centered on furthering the Spanish motherland (Elliott 37). After they had conquered the lands, th   ey proceeded to loot  abundant resources. Spain viewed the new lands that it colonized as an object whose only use was for the furthering of its mercantile objectives. This was evident in a large number of ships that traveled from Spanish America to Spain laden with gold, silver, and other valuables. Since it was their  resole objective, Spain gave minimal rights of self-rule to their colonies, instead of dictating the policies governing them from the Spanish mainland (Elliott 38). The British settled peacefully rather than as conquerors into the new Lands. They migrated to these lands with the sole objectives of economic opportunity, political freedom, and independence. Because England had a long tradition of partial representation, their colonies were able to achieve some self-government with a form of assembly that was representative of the settlers.   
Tuesday, June 18, 2019
Measuring Test Quality in Embedded Systems Research Paper
Measuring Test Quality in Embedded Systems - Research Paper ExampleThis situation has called for the development of  let out  scrutiny methods that can be used to overcome the mentioned above setbacks experienced by the traditional embedded systems through offering the exact test  timberland  knowledge even in situations where the measuring and testing processes  atomic number 18 carried out when the application under investigation is being run in an embedded target  circuit card (Conrad 78)Some malfunction software have been introduced as the quality problem culprit in the products of embedded systems. Software testing has therefore received more  decoct in the recent years and is commonly being used as a means adapted by companies to produce products that are of high quality within the desired time duration to their customers. The traditional systems that made use of manual methods for testing software have been unable to keep up with the  fast increasing code amounts in the contem   porary implementation of products. Thus better systems to ensure that the tests conducted are efficiently executed and the tests actions are reported, monitored and analyzed in better ways so as to keep up with the pace of modern requirements are needed (Grchtmann 27).Most of the programs used these days in embedded systems produce codes that are needlessly complex. While such released codes might still be functional, they are normally more complicated than they are required to be. Codes that are complicated  pitch to transform and become codes that are problem-riddled. Most technicians believe that in an event.   
Monday, June 17, 2019
Observational Research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Observational Research - Assignment ExampleNordstrom Incorporation and Bloomingdales are key players in the USs upscale retail market of fashion industry. The two actors have maintained successful  line of products both online and in their respective physical outlets in different states across the country. This paper is a report about an observational research of the two retailers business activities on their official websites and at their physical business locations. The researcher intended to secretly seek answers to unclear marketing issues by disguising as a curious shopper.First, following its founding by Nordstrom John W. and Wallin Carl F. in the early 20th century, Nordstroms mission was to serve the upscale market with fashionable items from its head offices in Seattle, Washington. The organization has since grown its business to include stocks of shoes, clothing, handbags, jewelry, and  kayo products such as cosmetics and perfumes. In Nordstrom, there were wedding and home    decoration products for would-be couples. I realized that the companys website is stocked with a salmagundi of the goods, but a visit at the physical location of the business revealed much more of the goods available for consumers than could be updated on the online store.On the other hand, I realized that Bloomingdales is also a significant player in the American high-end market. The company was set up in 1861 by Macys, Inc. For more than a century, Nordstrom has been  star of its main market rivals in the country. And following the advent of the Internet in the second half of the 20th century, it is clear that Bloomingdales took its products to the online store a platform upon which it seeks to  have a fit its market share. The performance of the online stores is therefore rated as follows best (1), better (2), good, (3) bad (4) and worse (5) as written in table 1. The rating is based on the quality of stock and client   
Sunday, June 16, 2019
Organizational Behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Organizational Behavior - Research Paper ExampleIt describes that the individuals and groups of employees do offer any  persuade over the organizational working environment. It is entirely interested with the varied rising realities in an organization (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2009). Moreover, OB is to a fault described as a  military man technique, which is utilized to analyze individual employee behaviors in a specific organization. It entirely concentrates on the understanding, forecasting and controlling human behaviors in an organization. OB is the key vista which is utilized to maintain and to  elicit the level of relationship among the employees of an organization. It helps in proper sharing of diverse facts and information with one another resulting in enhancement of their  expert knowledge and skills. It  in like manner enhances the devotion and commitment of the employees leading to augmentation of productivity and profitability of the organization. Hence, it helps in improvemen   t of efficiency and effectiveness of both the employee and the organization (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2009). OB is also utilized as an analytical tool to judge the psychological skills and attitudes of the employees. It also focuses on improving the productivity, declining absenteeism, enhancing returns, improving job satisfaction and devotion. Thus, in  arrangement to enhance these attributes, OB utilizes systematic and organized study of the employee behavior. Hence, it can be avowed that as OB is used to predict employee psychology so it is also  cognise as organizational psychology (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2009). Discussion Due to globalization and industrialization, the importance of OB is becoming more imperative in every organization. This is because OB is  indispensable in order to cope up with the changing nature and attitude of the employees of the organizations. OB can also be regarded as an educational discipline which is concerned with describing, accepting, forecasting, and sch   eming individual behavior in an organizational environment. It is done in order to augment organizational efficiency along with corporate image. Moreover, improvement in organizational returns might also enhance brand identity and uniqueness. According to Kreitner and Kinicki (2009), OB is that branch of study which helps in prediction of the employee attitude in an organization. For this reason, it is also described as a human technique utilized for individual benefit. In addition, OB also helps in improving inter-personal relationships amid the workers and the  trouble in an organization. Hence, it facilitates the management to comprehend the psychology of the individual employees which helps in reducing employee discontentment and disapproval. This may result in enhancement of employee commitment leading to organizational improvement (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2009). Furthermore, as organizations are operated with individuals so effective utilization of the employees can only lead to s   uccess of a business enterprise. Thus, proper utilization of the workers can be  realistic only if the managers inspire and stimulate them towards higher output and better outcomes. For this cause, OB is also described as the technique of application of managerial skills in order to investigate the performance of the workers in a group within an organization (Brooks, 2006). OB is also specified as a technique and a  mulish behavioral science which helps to understand   
Saturday, June 15, 2019
Health and environment questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3
Health and environment questions - Essay ExampleEconomic growth would considerably reduce because of the estimated prevalence of AIDS and hence social  information based on education, medical care, etc. will be adversely affected. (McFarlan et al, 2001)In order to tame the tide of AIDS in Africa, the developed countries  essential address the fundamental issues. Adult education is important, since the population has to learn the key facts about the disease. The developed countries  moldiness(prenominal) invest in medical campaign. The population must be informed about the use of condom, contraception, and risks of having multiple sex partners. The American organization USAID can play a vital role in this regard. The Canadian government is also active in this direction. Last but not least, the population already affected by AIDS must be  presumptuousness inexpensive and steadfast medical relief so that the epidemic may not spread. Diseases like TB, Malaria, etc., which are related to    immunodeficiency must also be controlled. precautionary principles have only been accorded their significance for less than two decades (ORiordan & Cameron, 1994). With the lapse of time, the importance of precautionary principles has increased manifold. Chernobyl disaster in the erstwhile USSR or Bhopal gas disaster in India could probably be avoided if the authorities worked on the precautionary principles in time. For example, before introducing a new technique to produce nuclear energy, evaluation must be done on its probable effects during an accidental meltdown. Therefore, the government and regulators cannot remain regardless of the consequences of contaminated land and polluted aquifers that might add polluting or potentially polluting agents to water, air, or land. Moreover, media response to precaution should also be aligned to environmental principles and ethics. (ORiordan & Cameron, 1994)The risks related to the increasingly powerful information and communication   
Friday, June 14, 2019
Learning Environment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words
Learning Environment - Research Paper ExampleThen,  there is something called the  celebrate code. From 1913 to World War II, the honor system expanded to all academics, including problem sets, lab reports, and essays. After the war, with perhaps some influence from the military, the treatment of school  seat and the theft of personal belongings became an important part of honor in school (History of the Honor System, 2002, p. 1).With the honor code, the responsibility for maintaining honor lies with the  learners. One element of an integrity strategyis the use of an honor code, which has been related to a reduction in academic dis truthHonor codes typically have some of the following characteristics unproctored examinations, a pledge students sign on exams and assignmentsin which students are  boost to reporttheir peers academic dis verity (Konheim-Kalkstein, 2006, p. 169).Conversely, if students are furtive or are trying to cheat, most  seeming the fact is that they are simply dish   onest. Simply put, academic honesty in the classroom can be difficult to maintain, especially if there is no way to assess the standards put in place by the teacher. single is typically categorized as character. ... 169).The honor code may work, or it may not, depending upon the individual students level of honesty. If they are generally morally-abiding students, they are less likely to cheat or lie.Conversely, if students are furtive or are trying to cheat, most likely the fact is that they are simply dishonest. Simply put, academic honesty in the classroom can be difficult to maintain, especially if there is no way to assess the standards put in place by the teacher.III. Implications of  polar Theories in IntegrityIntegrity is typically categorized as character. Integrity is one of the most important and oft-cited of virtue terms, and here four types of integrity  pass on be discussed integrity as standing for something integrity as moral purpose integrity as virtue and integrity    in relation to  amicable and political conditions (Integrity, 2008, p. 1).Cheshire Calhoun, in his piece Standing for Something, notes that integrity hinges on acting on ones own views, not the right views (as those might be determined  one by one of the agents own opinion) (Calhoun, 1995, p. 250).Standing for something is typically seen as weak in some circles. However, having the courage to stick to ones morals or values in life is normally seen globally as a strength.There is the old saying which many know, Stand for something or youll fall for anything. Many times people have to  rely on their gut instinct in order to know what to do in a particular situation.Lets take a particular situation, where a student is faced with the opportunity to cheat off another students work in class. Realistically, the student may just cheat.However, perhaps the student may   
Thursday, June 13, 2019
The Three Eras of Law Enforcement Research Paper
The Three Eras of Law Enforcement - Research Paper ExampleThis paper  result discuss the three eras of law enforcement  tone at different aspects of the historical context of police, which will better help with understanding of how economic,  policy-making and social forces have molded the social policing institutions. The paper will also focus on the different transformational periods that law enforcement has undergone to be what it is today.The 1840-1930 political era has been associated with five main aspects namely the fact that authority came from law and the politicians,  base patrols were extensively used, the social service function was broad,  there existed a strong connection between the force and the community and it also portrayed a  deconcentrate organization. The political eras main disadvantage lay on the aspect that the police authority mainly depended on the law and politics on the other hand, the close political connections also presented certain challenges.For exam   ple, in New York regular  officers even under the directive of a superior police officer could not be dismissed. The chiefs tenure was mainly limited to a year. Therefore, any early New York police officer who had strong political support could directly disobey the directives of his commanding officer. As compared to the British officers who were worried about things like wearing disorderly uniforms, showing up for work  easy and behaviors considered as disorderly to citizens, their American counterparts were assaulting their superiors, releasing their prisoners from other police officers custody and extorting money from the citizens.It is unnecessary to point out that during this era corruption became a  study issue in law enforcement. The biggest underlined factor for corruption was the soils system that had a motto that suggested that to the victor goes for the spoils. This ended up causing unrefined interruptions with the law enforcement. For example, there was an impression by   
Wednesday, June 12, 2019
International Business Environment in terms of Globalisation Essay
International Business Environment in terms of  globalisation - Essay ExampleGlobalisation also made labour globally mobile, because the new environment greatly assisted nations to do business jointly with  afield countries and hire skilled foreign workers (Jaumotte & Tytell, n.d.). It is obvious that cultural aspects and consumer behaviour vary from  orbit to country and hence organisations face numerous cultural barriers while  in operation(p) in a foreign country. Studies show that cultural aspects can have a great influence on an individuals physical and psychological levels of personality, which plays a notable role in developing an organisations worksite culture. As Siadat et al (2012) argue, cultural integrity is necessary for an organisation to improve its  productivity because a culturally diverse worksite would not promote worksite coordination. In addition, the issue of general acceptability of other cultures may come into play in a culturally diverse worksite. Under such    circumstances, there will be conflict among workers and it will adversely affect the efficiency of the worksite environment as a whole. Under a culturally diverse worksite, employees may react differently to different events and therefore it would be difficult for the management to frame a  mutual operational policy for such a workplace. Likewise, consumer behaviour is greatly related to culture therefore, an international company cannot effectively influence consumer behaviour if it practices same  market and business strategies in all countries (Univrsity of Minho 2004). In other words, an organisation would not succeed in a foreign country unless the organisation accurately understands the countrys cultural and social norms. In short, cultural multiplicity is turning out to be a growth impediment to multinational organisations as they  are forced to spend   more than on cultural diversity management. Each organisation has a unique culture and this element is of considerable impor   tance in determining the organisations market position. Lowe (2012) points out that the concept of organisational culture is of a great value as it directly impacts an organisations unity, loyalty, competition, direction, and identity.  term evaluating the impact of culture on western countries and china, it seems that both these regions have totally different views on culture. In case of western countries, they have a more socially developed or liberalised culture whereas China still follows traditional cultural views and norms in terms of business structure and operations. Therefore, impact of culture is more evident in China as compared to western countries. To illustrate, the Chinese culture has notable impact on product design, supply chain activities, and marketing campaigns. This  authorship will discuss various cultural difficulties likely to be encountered when a multinational company from a western economy contemplates a joint  judge with a foreign partner in China. Import   ance of national cultures The Western society, especially Europe and the US, is an agglomeration of different cultures mainly because these countries constitute the ultimate destination for  rent out migrants. Hence, a unique culture is not visible in the Western world. Cultures of the majority of the Western counties have been   
Tuesday, June 11, 2019
Chinese Exclusion Act Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
Chinese Exclusion Act - Research Paper ExampleA closer outlook into the issues that this Chinese Exclusion Act resolved to address point out that it brought about m all significant restrictions against free immigration into the  fall in States (Gyory, 2008). This paper will seek to discuss the inbounds of the Chinese Exclusion Act provided therein by the Act. The Act The establishment of the Chinese Exclusion Act  saw thousands of both skilled and unskilled laborers of Chinese decency barred from entering the United States for ten good years (Gold, 2012). According to historical analysts, the Act made it  score that if any of the mentioned persons went against this stipulation, he or she stood to face a punishment of either deportation or imprisonment of a term equal to or  exceed ten years (Hune & Nomura, 2003). In deed, this stipulation brought about a consistent weary among the Chinese people where they were unable to go against the Act as it became  in full enforceable by the US    laws. During this time when the Chinese Exclusion Act was in full force, large numbers of Chinese suffered aimlessly mainly because of their decency as they were beaten brutally (Soennichsen, 2011). Additionally, the few who were able to migrate had to undergo a series of requirements, which were very expensive as they involved individuals proving to the government that they were in a position to immigrate (Gold, 2012). Many scholars argued that the enforcement of the Chinese Exclusion Act was  manifestly a misnomer and did not deserve to be in place under any circumstances. This is so because, the existing laws that witness the Chinese face exclusionary problems came about because of the enactment of the Chinese Exclusion Act (Gyory, 2008). Getting the certification needed by the US government for it to allow a potential Chinese to live in America was hard, tedious, and expensive. The Chinese individuals living during this time suffered a misdemeanor effect simply due to the existe   nce of segregation among people along boundaries that consisted of race and gender among others. Suggestions show that the enactment of this Act also affected other people including the Asians. In fact, documented evidence maintains that if any Chinese individual left the United States for another country, he or she had to obtain a reentry permit when coming  screening (Hune & Nomura, 2003). This kind of certification went ahead to afflict the chances Chinese people had when it came to becoming full citizens of the United States. As such, the Chinese and Asians would remain complete aliens whenever residing in the US territorial boundaries (Soennichsen, 2011). Following this preamble, it is seeable that when this Act came into passage, all the Chinese men living in the United States lost any chances of ever reuniting with their families and wives back at home on one end. On the other end, they also unable to establish a family of their own since they were no more but just  untainted    aliens who had few privileges and tones of restrictions (Gold, 2012). Amendments Although several capitalists opposed the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act on matters related to economic factors, many Chinese people staying in the US faced a huge dilemma they wondered whether to choose to go back to China and reunite with their families or stay in US forever (Gyory, 2008). In spite of the widespread enmity and dislike for the Chinese, some of the US ruling clergymen did not seem to draw satisfaction from the already set restrictions. They went ahead to   
Monday, June 10, 2019
Critical paper , essay on a quote Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Critical paper , on a quote - Essay Example(Adler, P. S. and Winograd, T. A, 55-67)Behrens seems to have influenced Kahns design for th Ford  subalpine Park factory. In France, Auguste Choisy, Auguste Perret, and Tony Garnier revolted against th eclecticism of nineteenth-century architectural practice, proposing instead to apply classical geometry and clarity to th new building materials so as to  secure structural coherence. French architects were th world pioneers in th use of reinforced concrete made with cement--a new compound patented in 1824 and industrially produced after 1845. Othr similar ideas, trends, and suggestions to follow th new spirit of technology and engineering were also emerging elsewhere in Europe at this time.  sensation could argue that it was not surprising that thse radical avant-garde modernists would engage in colorful rhetoric so as to liberate thmselves from th chains of tradition,  dramatise thir creativity, and attract attention, but thre was much more    than creative thirst or rhetorical fluff in modernism. Th avant-garde modernists not only  praise th beauty of industry and th mechanical in thir writings and architectural works but also endorsed and used th new scientific methods of labor management and organization originally developed in th United States at th turn of th century. Th similarities between th techniques used by th scientific managers and by th avant-garde modernists are stunning--and troubling. (Adler, P. S. and Winograd, T. A, 55-67)Explanation European modernism did not arrive at an all in all novel approach to  architecture and design until th 1920s, with th Bauhaus in Germany, Constructivism in th Soviet Union, Rationalism in Italy, and Purism in France. It was at this  dot that European architects made thir revolutionary reinterpretation of scientific management in aesthtic terms. Walter Gropius, th founder of th Bauhaus school of art and architecture in Germany, was a  theater believer in scientific manageme   nt methods and became one of th most influential architects of th twentieth century. He wished to formulate a new thory of architecture and to develop practical designs for present-day goods that could be mass-produced. As director, Gropius managed to attract a dream team of artists to th school, including Mies van der Rohe, Kandinsky, and Klee, among othrs. He and his colleagues designed industrial and no industrial buildings, decorated interiors, and collaborated with many German manufacturing firms on product design. (Adler, P. S. and Winograd, T. A, 55-67)As a result of German influence, th Russian arts and crafts movement had been  coquetry with th  dainty possibilities of mass production since th turn of th century. While th Bolshevik Revolution spurred a myriad of competing avant-garde artistic movements, Constructivism quickly gained sway over its alternatives, absorbing such important artistic trends as Product ional Art, Projectionist, and Rationalism. Th First Working Gro   up of Constructivists was created in 1921  at heart th Institute of Artistic Culture. Th institutes role was to study th practical aspects of artistic activity in production. Engineers lectured thre regularly. (Baber, 66-78) Th constructivists proposed th ideals of th artist-constructor and th   
Sunday, June 9, 2019
Introduction to statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Introduction to statistics - Essay ExampleLine graphs also allow us to see  overall trends such as an increase or decrease in data over time. Clearly, looking at the graph we dont observe  any(prenominal) disparity in the data givenThe intuition can further be confirmed from the t-test significance analysis conducted. From the table below, the percent of goods moved in the year 2000 was 16.53 while that moved in the year 2009 was 15.69, this shows no significant difference. Also from the same table (table 2), we observe that the p-value=0.2060.05 (significance level), we thus fail to reject the  energy hypothesis and conclude that indeed there is no significant difference in the goods moved in the year 2000 and those moved in the year 2009.In this part we regressed the 2009 data on the 2000 data since the data was found to follow a normal distribution we opted to use a parametric test (Bivariate  fixing analysis), we used bivariate because we only had two variables to test (simple li   near regression) and the model produced   
Saturday, June 8, 2019
Angela McRobbieââ¬â¢s Analysis of Jackie Essay Example for Free
 Angela McRobbies Analysis of Jackie EssayThis essay will be exploring Angela McRobbies  abbreviation of Jackie and  wherefore the magazine has seen a new found  favouriteity in recent years. Jackie was a popular British weekly teenage girls magazine published by  frugal company D.C. Thomson which was published from 1964 up until 1993. It was named  subsequently the childrens author Jacqueline Wilson who worked for D.C. Thomson at the time. The magazine was most popular with girls in the age range of 10 to 14.  onward Jackie made its debut, magazines aimed at  immature girls were normally romance orientated comic strips  such as Mirabelle, Romeo and Valentine.     Although Jackie did indeed feature romantic stories, they were not the main  focalization of the magazine. Features that had normally previously featured only in womens magazines such as problem pages,  make pages, readers true life stories, and  blur and beauty advice were now introduced to a teenage population. Indeed Jac   kie was written by the womens magazine department of D.C.Thomson rather than the  angiotensin-converting enzyme focused on childrens comics such as The Beano and The Dandy. Taking all this into consideration, it could be argued that Jackie provided the blue print for the modern teenage girls magazines. In her analysis, McRobbie says she feels that Jackie tapped into the biological character of teenage girls, when they start to become  more curious about their changing bodies and start to show an interest in the opposite sex. The Cathy and Claire problem pages were a popular feature with readers of the magazine, and many problems readers wrote in with mainly focused on boys and other common problems that come hand in hand with growing up. McRobbie believes that one  role of the magazine was to prep ar girls for the brief flowering period that many young working class women in that time had before marriage  but  later they had just left school and started work  and so had freedom and    a disposable income to go out with their friends to pubs and dances and buy adult items such as  vesture and make-up.Richard Hoggart discusses this period in his analysis of working class teenage girls in his book The Uses of Literacy. One feature Jackie was famous for was its photo stories that provided a stepping stone to fame for celebrities such as Fiona Bruce and Hugh Grant, which were usually of a romantic nature, in the style thought to appeal to the young women of the target audience. These provided girls with a romantic ideal which McRobbie discusses in her analysis of the magazine, McRobbie believes that young girls are conditioned to seek romantic basedrelationships instead of  knowledgeable ones and that romantic stories  equal the ones that featured in Jackie and other magazines aimed at teenaged girls at the time helped to reinforce this. Again, these can seem comically clichd and dated by the standards of today.In fact, one of the reasons that Jackie  may have regaine   d popularity is that this style of article, although  plausibly reasonable at the time written, seem almost laughable and maybe also politically incorrect by todays standards (for example one article featured in The topper of Jackie Annual on ways how to attract boys suggests that a girl should try sitting on a   stain bench looking tearful, and a fashion feature refers to plus sized girls as fatties and very slim girls as being stick like). To many  commonwealth in 2012, these almost seem like satire. Indeed, on the popular bookselling website Amazon, The  scoop up of Jackie Annual and its spinoffs such as Dear Cathy and Claire  The Best of Your Favourite Problem Page can be found under the sub-category Humour.A feature that can be found in The Best of Jackie Annual, which had previously been published as a part of an actual Jackie Christmas annual, on how to survive Christmas parties advises the readers to be wary of drunken bosses and uncles making passes at them. This is disturb   ingly mentioned in a casual and almost light hearted fashion, like it is a common occurrence to be expected, and perhaps even tolerated. The idea of a girl so young being put in a vulnerable position with a much older man, especially one who is in a position of authority or a relative, would be unlikely to be treated in this fashion today. This article may appear humorous to some people in a dark way, simply because it is so shocking and highly inappropriate by todays standards. Another reason why Jackie may have seen a new increase in popularity is because older women, who would have been readers of Jackie in the past, may want to look back at their youth and  look on a much simpler time before they had children to worry over, bills to pay, jobs (or lack of them) and mortgages.Looking back on the past is something which has always been very popular with people and becomes more common during times of economic recession, like the one Britain (and Europe in general) has been strugglin   g with in recent years. There are numerous discussions on the  mesh in forums with older women talking fondly about their experiences and memories of reading Jackie. When Jackie stopped being published in 1993, D.C. Thomson realised a new magazine aimed at teenaged girls called Shout,which could possibly be seen by some people as a rebranding of Jackie. Shout is still being published today and I compared a recent copy of Shout from May 2012 to a copy of Jackie from June 1981. Both magazines feature a celebrity on the front cover, with Shout having Cheryl Cole and Jackie having  offer Ant, and both also have tampon adverts on the back covers. A similar layout to that which Jackie used, and which McRobbie discusses in Jackie An Ideology of Adolescent Femininity, is used in Shout.Problem pages, fashion pages, celebrity gossip, hair and beauty advice, pin-ups of attractive male celebrities, horoscopes and readers true-life stories all feature in both magazines, although there are clear    generational differences in these articles between the two magazines. Advice given in the problem pages of Shout is more concerned with more serious issues such as sex and  alcoholic drink abuse and also offers career advice. In the days of Jackies popularity girls were not often encouraged to stay on to do further education after the compulsory school leaving age and usually got married at an age which would be considered very young today, whereas today many girls go on to go to college and university and choose to put off marriage and having children to a later stage in life, if they opt to at all.Jackie also contained sewing and knitting patterns, which are things which are no longer common hobbies with teenaged girls today. This is likely due to fashionable clothing being sold cheaply in supermarkets and high-street stores such as Primark and Asda. The popularity of teenage magazines is currently on the decline, with many once popular magazines no longer being published. This is    possibly due to the fact that the features of teenage magazines such as celebrity gossip, hair and beauty tips and updates on the latest fashions are readily available on the internet. Even if a young girl finds herself in  essential of advice there are now websites such as Yahoo Answers, Girls Ask Guys and Answerbag where she will be able to get (possibly dubious) responses to her question quickly from a  phase of people across the world and there is also websites set up by charities offering advice on more serious matters such as abuse, bullying, drugs and sexual health.It is also worth having a brief look at the context of the magazines existence, with the early-mid 1960s being a reasonable period of  draw near in Britain. In the nation of Labour leader Harold Wilsons white heat  (Sandbrook, 2005737)  a nation still getting over the war, butproudly (if cautiously) advancing in what historian Dominic Sandbrook called a new era of creativity and progress (Sandbrook, 2005737) it is    only natural that Britains young women would have a  necessity for their own entertainment and place for advice. While it is true that this is not the intended focus of the essay, such a background should not be ignored, and may go some way towards explaining the magazines eventual demise(arguably, rebranding) in the very different world of the 1990s.  
Friday, June 7, 2019
Life Payments Essay Example for Free
 Life Payments EssayIt is 1033 AM. You are awaken abruptly from your alarm. You prepare yourself for the  twenty-four hour period ahead. The day has been going well so far. It is now 1225 PM. You step into your vehicle hoping to stop at the best burger place in  town for lunch. The preceding are the last thing you remember when you wake up cold, sweaty, and drowsy from your coma. Changing perspectives, you are a family member now. Your brother has been in a horrific car accident and is in a coma for thirteen days now.     How will you communicate with him? How will you tell him that you love him and are hither for him?Most importantly, how do you know that he is still alive? For those who dont know, a coma is a persistent vegetative state, also known as PVS.  syncope is also defined as a state of almost total unresponsiveness to  a air stimulation in which the patient lies with his eyes closed. It is a  turn back in which the normal cognitive and communicative functioning of the pati   ent is hampered. A coma may occur for various reasons,  much(prenominal) as intoxication, CNS (central  tense system) diseases, a serious injury, and hypoxia (oxygen deprivation).But there have been a number of cases across the world  equal the example mentioned above. A 26-year-old patient named Kate Bainbridge had a viral infection which had put her in a coma  a condition that generally persists for two to four weeks, after which patients die, recover fully or, in  disused cases, slip into a vegetative or a minimally conscious state. (Tutton) And there is most notably Rom Houben, also known as  affected role 23. Allan Hall reports Alive but unresponsive, he has been in a coma for 23 years since he has been 24 years old. Ongoing research in the field of comatose communication has found out that there may be small islands of consciousness, even in persistent vegetative states, like such in Houbens case.And this is how, through comatose communication and other methods such as fMRIs,    they were able to conclude that Houben was still alive in his body. This could be another(prenominal) example of how the conscious is separate from the physical body. So why should you care? How can coma work help patients, families, and caregivers? Coma work furthers the internal and external ommunication of patients in altered consciousness.This can aid patients to complete inner work and spontaneously come closer to the surface, and at times even all the way out of coma or other altered consciousness. With metabolic comas emergence can be quick and dramatic. Mark Tutton, an author at CNN. com, reports a  education carried out last year on 103 patients by Laureys and his colleagues at Lieges Coma Science Group found that 41 percent of patients in a minimally Conscious State (MCS) were misdiagnosed as being in the much more serious Vegetative State (VS).Dr. Daniel Hanley, professor of neurology at Johns Hopkins Medicine, in Maryland, told CNN that VS is a coma-like state in which p   atients have a sleep and wake cycle, and can show reflex chewing, swallowing and blinking, but dont respond to language or stimulation.  With coma from traumatic brain injury and other causes, progress is usually slow, but measurable. Progress can be accelerated if the awareness for coma communication is heightened.Families and caregivers are  much relieved to find ways to communicate with loved ones and clients  just about treatment options, life and death decisions, and love and personal connection. Family and caregivers often feel validated about their perceptions of subtle cues they have noticed. Now put the shoe on the other foot and imagine if you yourself were to be in a coma today. Wouldnt you like a way to tell your family that you are alive, are ready to fight through it and come out of your PVS state? Surely yes.  
Thursday, June 6, 2019
The Acropolis Essay Example for Free
 The Acropolis EssayThe Acropolis is the main pgraphics of the city of capital of Greece located in 150m  higher up sea level. Since ancient times, art flourished in his part of the city.  synagogue  construct had both a symbolic and economic objective. It glorified the gods and the city, which thereby succeeded in overawing the  branded aristocratic cults that existed in the earlier foundations. In economic terms  synagogue construction meant returning to circulation the money that otherwise would have accumulated in the coffers of the divinities concerned.    Acropolis represents a flat-topped rock settled since Neolithic era (6 millennium BC). Further, Mycenaean population settled in this region. In two centuries, Acropolis was occupied by Kylon. For tribes henceforth  totally looked alike to Athens, set on that plains broad level between the mountains and the sea (Coulton 34). The splendid rock, the famous acropolis, afforded them a strong, capacious citadel and under the rocks     trades union slope sprang up the nucleus of what  afterwards was to be incomparably the largest of  classical towns.Political power was vested in the hands of a landowning aristocracy, the High-born or Eupatrids. From their ranks were yearly  chosen the three Archons or executive officials, for civil administration, for religion, and for war. Plutarch, in his life of Pericles wrote of the great Classical buildings on the Acropolis that they arose no less towering in their grandeur than  irreproducible in their grace of form, for the workmen eagerly strove to surpass one another in the beauty of their craftsmanship . . . (Berve 56). This description shows that Acropolis had a great meaning and significance for Greece. Acropolis art included literature and sculpture, buildings and painting.The most famous architectural constructions, temples, were located in Acropolis slopes. The most important temples were the Parthenon, the Erechtheion, and the Temple of Athena Nike. Temple sacred t   o Athena Polias was  strengthened around 6th century BC. There were two temples of genus Athene, an old and a new. Athenas new temple on the acropolis, and the great Portico which was raised at the entrance to the  hillock out of it,   besides, came the gold and  tusk statue of the goddess which stood within the shrine. Such a use of the allies money may seem inexcusable to us but the  ethics of imperialism are  neer very easy to define.Pericles believed that Athens had a mission to spread artistic culture by such means, and for this reason empire builders too have believed in their own mission and not always in a mission upon so lofty a plane (Berve 67). The temple of Athene had important meaning for Greeks because the climax of the Festival was a procession of ascent to the temple of Athena on the citadel. This temple dated from times long  forward the tyrant Gelon, there is excellent evidence that he embellished it, adding perhaps the pillars which ran round the shrines exterior,    and the sculptured groups of marble figures which adorned its gable-ends. Nor were these the only monuments of his architectural passion (Coulton 76).Peisistratus and his sons rebuilt the  old-fashioned Temple of Athena, with a peristyle of stone. Most unusual is the difference of material in the marble raking cornice, with its hawksbeak bed moulding and a crowning moulding which, though an ovolo, is also  miscellaneous with a Doric leaf. The sima is likewise of marble, and on the pediments has the ovolo imitated from Corinthian terracotta simas, but on the flanks it retains the old Ionic vertical face with pipe-like spouts at intervals, while the water-spouts  forge on the four angle acroterion bases were lion heads at one end, ram heads at the other (Berve 9).For the first time great pedimental groups were carved in marble, and  thus in the round rather than relief, for the technical reason that it was cheaper to construct the tympanium background separately in local limestone th   e subjects were, at the east the battle of the gods and giants, and at the  stern a combat of animals.The Erechtheum (421-407 BC) was constructed, near the north edge of the Acropolis, in the troubled period after Pericles death when the Peloponnesian War was going badly for Athens and funds were limited. Despite these handicaps, and the extraordinarily difficult architectural problems involved by the necessity of incorporating earlier shrines into the structure, the Erechtheum ranks as the finest of all Greek temples in the Ionic style. It later suffered badly from fires, from adaptation into a Church and then into a Turkish mansion, and from the carrying off of much of its materials for use in medieval and later buildings. This temple had porch of maidens consisted of  half dozen female figures as columns (Plommer 34).The greatest temple, the Parthenon (5th century BC) and popular monument, the Propylaea, were in the Dorian style, though they were in many respects different from t   he Dorian works elsewhere.  leader among the architects was Ictinus, the designer of the Parthenon, Ictinus was assisted in his work on the Parthenon by Callicrates, of whom less is known and the name of Mnesicles has come down to us as that of the creator of the Propylaea, the Parthenon  boob both Doric and Ionic principles, as well as their distinctive features. This temple was built on the place of the old temple of Athena. A  big  broadcast of solid limestone masonry 252 feet long and 103 feet wide, attaining at one corner a height of 35 feet above bed rock, formed the substructure of the temple along the south flank it was intended to form a podium rising 7 feet above the graded earth (Berve 34).Leaving a portion of the platform to form a terrace on all four sides, the three-stepped temple was begun with stylobate dimensions of 77 feet 2 inches by 219 feet 7 inches the lowest step was of pink Kara limestone, the  center(a) step and stylobate of Pentelic marble. The temple was h   exastyle, with sixteen columns on the flanks, all uniformly 6 feet 3 inches in lower diameter except those at the corners, which in  ossification with a new system of emphasis were thickened by one-fortieth of the diameter. On the other hand, the archaic practice of reducing the flank spacing was retained.The inner building was tetrastyle prostyle (rather than in-antis) at both ends, the antae being of Ionic form lacking offsets but with base mouldings which were continued along the cella walls (Berve 56). The pronaos gave access to a long cella  divided up by two rows of interior columns, while through the opisthodomus could be entered what was probably a single large room, the prototype of the west chamber of the Periclean temple (Dinsmoor 48). The  oral sex interest of this temple is that it initiated marble construction in Attica on a large scale, introduced the use of Ionic elements (Ionic frieze which runs around the walls) and the application of delicate refinements in  upwar   dly curvature and column inclinations, and even contributed much of the material and many of the dimensions for the present Parthenon.When the Persians returned in 480 B.C. they completely destroyed it, the unfinished columns at this time having attained a height of only two to four drums above the stylobate. Also, in high relief 92 metopes were carved (Dinsmoor 48). East and west impediments depict scenes from Greek mythology. The metopes of the Parthenon all represented various instances of the struggle between the forces of order and justice, on the one hand, and criminal chaos on the other (The Parthenon, n.d.).Pheidias was the maker of the celebrated gold and  pearl Athena Parthenos that stood in the Parthenon. There are literary descriptions of this lost statue which inspire us with the belief that the great image was truly free in the Greek sense. There are also, unfortunately, copies of Roman date which can only mislead. When he made the Athena Parthenos in Athens, and later    the seated Zeus at Olympia, both of gold and ivory and on the giant scale, he was fulfilling the highest ambition of Greek art which had begun, more than a thousand years before, to make works of ivory and gold (Coulton 74).Under the south-east side of the Acropolis he further planned the building of a magnificent temple to Olympian Zeus. This scheme he never lived to see completed and before the roof was added, the Athenian people had regained their liberty. The gaunt columns of the arrested work were left simply as they stooda memorial, as it were, of the tyrants frustrated pride and a warning to others who in future days might be tempted to follow in his footsteps (Coulton 73).Similar plans were employed for the earlier temple of A on the Athenian Acropolis. More elaborate was temple A on the Acropolis, with a tetrastyle in-antis faade (Plommer 78-80). In these temples may be seen the characteristic Greek practice of using a different type of anta capital (with the Doric) from t   hat of the column In the entablatures, while the mainland tendency was to leave the metopes uncarved, they were frequently accented by the use of thin slabs of white marble,  tell apart with the dark blue or black of the triglyphs and the blues and reds of the taenia below and cornice above. The Hydra gable (belonging to an unknown building on the Acropolis) illustrates the growing Athenian tendency to use sculptured pediments, though here the amount of relief is only 1 inch (Plommer 78-80).Other Athenian temples of this period were the miniature temple E on the Acropolis, unknown as to location (possibly one of three treasuries, including temples B and C, west of the Hecatompedon) though its details obviously imitate those of the Peisistratid temple of Athena, and also its direct antithesis, the huge but frustrated beginning of the great Olympieum by the sons of Peisistratus, abandoned when Hippias was driven into exile in 510 B.C. (Plommer 78-80)..The two lower steps were in truth    built, as well as the foundations of the second or inner rows of columns, as well as the arrangement of the columns, the outer rows having eight on the fronts and twenty-one on the flanks, with a diameter of 7 feet 11 1/4 inches (Dinsmoor 48).The Acropolis and its temples embodied the best architectural constructions of Ancient Greece. The Acropolis temples represent a architectural importance because of the meticulously detailed representation of a building and unique combination of styles.Works CitedBerve H., Gruben G., Hirmer M. Greek Temples, Theatres and Shrines. Greenwood Press, 1963.Coulton J.J. Greek Architects at Work. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 2002.Dinsmoor W.B. The Architecture of Ancient Greece. London Croom Helm, 1975.The Parthenon n.d. 09 Ma7 2007. http//academic.reed.edu/humanities/110Tech/Parthenon.htmlPlommer W.H. Ancient and Classical Architecture. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 2001.  
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)